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Mastering the Writing Ability Test - WAT for IIM Admissions

  • Writer: Goalisb
    Goalisb
  • Oct 15
  • 14 min read

The Writing Ability Test (WAT) is a crucial component of the IIM admissions process. As an aspiring IIM candidate, your performance in the WAT can significantly impact your overall selection, making it essential to approach this test with a well-thought-out strategy. If you check the IIM Lucknow IPMX 2025 selection criteria, it clearly mentions a 10% weightage to the WAT exercise in the selection process. The WAT test is an integral part of the selection process at IIMB EPGP and IIMB PGPEM as well. The Analytical Writing Test in the IIM admission process is also the same. In this article, we'll explore what the WAT entails, why it's important, and how you can excel in this critical part of the admissions process.


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WAT for IIM

Table of Contents


What is the Writing Ability Test (IIM WAT)?


The Writing Ability Test is a short essay writing exercise conducted by IIMs during their selection process. Typically, the WAT takes place after the shortlisting results are announced and during the Personal Interview (PI) round. Candidates are given a topic, and they need to present a coherent, structured, and insightful essay within a time frame of 20 to 30 minutes. This would be something like an on the spot essay writing test. Topics for the IIM WAT can range from current affairs, abstract ideas, social issues, or business-related scenarios. Mastering the writing ability test is important for IIM admissions.


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Are you aiming for interviews at IIM Ahmedabad, IIM Bangalore, or ISB PGP YL?

The Analytical Writing Test (AWT) and On-the-Spot MBA Essays can make all the difference.


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WAT for IIMs

What’s Inside GOALisB's WAT for IIMs / On the spot essay writing Self Paced Course?

  1. 150+ Realistic Prompts: Practice every essay type—Opinion, Abstract, Case-Based, Policy, and ISB on the spot essay.

  2. Focused Video Lessons: Clear strategies to tackle any topic confidently.

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  5. Study Anytime: Lifetime access for learning at your own pace.

  6. Budget-Friendly: High-quality preparation without the high price tag.

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Which are the programs that conduct the WAT test for One Year MBA in India?

The programs that conduct the WAT test for one year MBA in India are-

  1. IIM Bangalore EPGP

  2. IIM Ahmedabad PGPX ( Extempore Version)

  3. IIM Lucknow IPMX - 30th November 2024, 07th December 2024 for phase 1 and 1st and 2nd February 2025


Learn more about Indian MBA Programs and find the best fit for your goals:


Our mentors at GOALisB help you shortlist the right programs and create a winning strategy for your MBA applications.  Schedule a Free Profile Evaluation Call



Why is the IIM WAT Important?


While your CAT/ GMAT or GRE score, academic record, and work experience are vital components of your IIM application, the WAT provides the admissions committee with a glimpse of your ability to think critically, structure arguments, and express yourself clearly under time constraints.


The final selection at IIM Ahmedabad PGP is a multi-faceted evaluation that considers various components of a candidate's profile. 

  1. The Personal Interview (PI) holds the most significant weight, contributing 50% to the final composite score, highlighting the importance of communication skills, clarity of thought, and overall personality. Candidates can prepare for PI from the IIM Interview Questions Guide.

  2. The CAT score, a measure of aptitude and analytical skills, constitutes 25% of the final score, underscoring the need for a strong academic foundation. There are also alternative pathways to get into IIM without CAT.

  3. The Application Rating (AR), which reflects the candidate's overall profile including academic record, work experience, and achievements, contributes 15%, emphasizing the importance of a well-rounded application. 

  4. Finally, the Analytical Writing Test (AWT), evaluating written communication and critical thinking abilities, contributes 10%, highlighting the significance of clear and concise articulation. This holistic approach ensures that selected candidates possess a balanced mix of academic prowess, communication skills, and a strong overall profile.


The IIM WAT tests skills that are crucial for success in an MBA program and in leadership roles, such as:


  • Critical Thinking: The ability to analyze a situation, identify key issues, and propose solutions.

  • Communication Skills: The clarity and coherence with which you present your ideas.

  • Time Management: The ability to organize your thoughts and write effectively within a limited time frame.

Excelling in the WAT can set you apart from other candidates and strengthen your overall application.


Don’t leave it to chance- get guided writing feedback from IIM alumni mentors and improve your WAT performance before interview day. Book a free consultation today!


How to Excel in the IIM Writing Ability Test: Key Strategies


  1. Understand the Topic Thoroughly

    • Before you start writing, take a moment to fully understand the topic. If it’s a current affairs topic, ensure you’re clear on the facts. For abstract or opinion-based topics, consider the different angles from which the topic can be approached.

    • Tip: Rephrase the topic in your mind to clarify what is being asked. This will help you avoid deviating from the core issue.

  2. Structure Your Essay

    • A well-structured essay is easier to read and understand. MBA essay writing should ideally follow this format:

      • Introduction: Briefly introduce the topic and state your thesis or main argument.

      • Body: Divide the body into two or three paragraphs, each addressing a specific point or argument related to the topic. Use examples, statistics, or real-world scenarios to support your points.

      • Conclusion: Summarize your key points and restate your thesis in a way that ties together the arguments you’ve made.

    • Tip: Spend a couple of minutes outlining your essay before you start writing. This will save you time and ensure your essay has a logical flow.


  3. Be Concise and Clear

    • Given the time and word constraints, it’s essential to be concise. Avoid unnecessary jargon or overly complex sentences. Instead, focus on making your points clearly and effectively.

    • Tip: If a sentence doesn’t add value to your argument, consider removing it. Every word should serve a purpose.


  4. Practice Regularly

    • Like any skill, writing improves with practice. Regularly write essays on a variety of topics to hone your ability to think and write quickly.

    • Tip: Time yourself when practicing. This will help you get accustomed to writing within the time limits of the WAT.


  5. Stay Updated on Current Affairs

    • Many WAT topics are drawn from current events, so staying informed about global and national issues is crucial. Read newspapers, follow reputable news sources, and engage in discussions on current topics.

    • Tip: Practice writing essays on current affairs to develop your ability to form quick, informed opinions.


  6. Focus on Grammar and Syntax

    • While content is king, poor grammar or awkward syntax can undermine the strength of your arguments. Ensure that your writing is grammatically correct and that your sentences are well-constructed.

    • Tip: After writing, if time permits, quickly proofread your essay to catch any glaring errors.


  7. Develop a Unique Perspective

    • The admissions panel reads numerous essays on similar topics, so standing out is crucial. Try to offer a unique perspective or insight that sets your essay apart.

    • Tip: Draw from your personal experiences or professional background to provide a fresh viewpoint on the topic.


Common Mistakes to Avoid in the IIM WAT:


  1. Lack of Structure: A disorganized essay can confuse the reader and dilute your arguments. Always outline your essay before you begin writing.

  2. Overgeneralization: Avoid making sweeping statements without supporting evidence. Be specific in your arguments.

  3. Going Off-Topic: Stay focused on the core issue presented by the topic. Avoid digressions that don’t add value to your main argument.

  4. Ignoring the Conclusion: A weak conclusion can leave a negative impression. Always ensure you summarize your key points effectively.


Talk to GOALisB admissions experts to explore GOALisB’s Personalized Essay Review Service where expert mentors give detailed feedback on your structure, clarity, and argument strength.


Conclusion

The Writing Ability Test is not just about what you write but how you write it. A well-structured, concise, and insightful essay can make a strong impression on the IIM admissions committee and significantly boost your chances of success. By understanding the importance of the WAT, practicing regularly, and employing the strategies outlined in this article, you can approach the test with confidence and clarity.

Remember, the WAT is your opportunity to showcase your analytical thinking and communication skills—qualities that are essential for a successful MBA journey. Good luck with your preparation!


Frequently Asked Questions


  1. What is the WAT process for IIM? 

The WAT (Written Ability Test) in IIM admissions is a 20–30 minute essay-writing round where shortlisted candidates write on a given current affairs, business, or abstract topic, used to assess clarity of thought, analytical ability, and written communication.


The Written Ability Test (WAT) is a crucial part of the IIM selection process after the CAT exam shortlisting.


Key Features of WAT

  1. Duration: Typically 20–30 minutes.

  2. Word Limit: 250–350 words (varies by institute).

  3. Topics:

    • Current affairs (economy, politics, technology, environment).

    • Business or management-related issues.

    • Abstract topics to test creativity.

    • Case-based or opinion-based prompts.

  4. Evaluation Parameters:

    • Coherence and structure.

    • Quality of arguments and examples.

    • Language, grammar, and clarity.

    • Originality of thought.


Role in Final Selection

  • WAT + Personal Interview (PI) together carry 30–50% weightage in the final admission score, depending on the IIM.

  • It replaced Group Discussions (GD) in most IIMs because it gives each candidate an equal chance to showcase individual thinking.


Example WAT Topics

  • “Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Jobs in India.”

  • “Is India ready for a cashless economy?”

  • “Climate change and business sustainability.”

  • “Social media: a boon or bane?”


Also, read our detailed guide on inter-IIM comparisons for analysis:



  • Which IIM takes WAT? 

All IIMs conduct WAT (Written Ability Test) as part of the MBA/PGP selection process, but IIM Ahmedabad, IIM Bangalore, IIM Calcutta, IIM Lucknow, IIM Kozhikode, and IIM Indore are especially known for using WAT along with the personal interview (PI).


1. What is WAT?

  • The Written Ability Test (WAT) is a short essay writing round conducted after the CAT exam, before or along with interviews.

  • It tests clarity of thought, writing skills, and ability to structure arguments.

2. IIMs Using WAT (as of 2025):

  • Older IIMs: Ahmedabad, Bangalore, Calcutta, Lucknow, Kozhikode, Indore.

  • Newer IIMs: Many (e.g., IIM Trichy, Udaipur, Ranchi, Rohtak, Shillong) also use WAT to evaluate communication and analytical skills.

  • Earlier, GD (Group Discussion) was common, but most IIMs have now replaced GD with WAT for a fairer assessment.

3. Why WAT Matters:

  • WAT + PI together account for 30–50% of the final admission score, depending on the IIM.

  • Topics include current affairs, abstract ideas, business, and social issues.


Key Insight:

  • All 20+ IIMs use WAT in some form today.

  • The weight of WAT in selection varies—higher at IIM Ahmedabad, Bangalore, Kozhikode, and moderate at others.


Also read about IIM specialized programs to understand the diverse offerings across IIMs:


  • What is required for admission in IIM? 

Admission to IIMs requires a bachelor’s degree with at least 50% marks (45% for reserved categories), a valid CAT score, and success in WAT and PI rounds, along with consideration of work experience and academic profile.


1. Basic Eligibility Criteria:

  • Bachelor’s Degree: Minimum 50% marks (45% for SC/ST/PwD).

  • Final Year Students: Eligible if they complete the degree before joining.

  • No Age Limit: Candidates of any age can apply.

2. Entrance Exam:

  • Common Admission Test (CAT): Mandatory for almost all IIMs.

  • Some programs (e.g., executive MBA, doctoral programs) may accept GMAT/GRE instead.

3. Selection Process:

  • Shortlisting: Based on CAT percentile + academic background.

  • WAT (Written Ability Test): Short essay on current affairs, business, or abstract topics.

  • PI (Personal Interview): Tests communication, leadership potential, and clarity of goals.

4. Additional Factors Considered:

  • Academic Record: 10th, 12th, and graduation marks.

  • Work Experience: Adds weightage in the final composite score.

  • Diversity Factors: Gender, academic background (non-engineers get some preference).

5. Final Selection Weightage (varies by IIM):

  • CAT Score: 25–50%

  • WAT + PI: 30–50%

  • Academics + Work Ex + Diversity: 10–25%


Key Insight: Admission to IIMs is not just about a high CAT percentile—well-rounded candidates with good academics, work experience, and strong WAT/PI performance have the best chance.



  1. How to prepare for WAT for IIMs? 

To prepare for WAT at IIMs, focus on improving writing speed and clarity, practicing essays on current affairs and abstract topics, structuring answers with intro-body-conclusion, and reading newspapers and editorials daily.


1. Understand WAT Format:

  • Duration: 15–30 minutes.

  • Word Limit: 250–400 words.

  • Topics: Current affairs, economy, business, social issues, or abstract ideas (e.g., "Red is not always danger").

2. Preparation Strategy:

  • Stay Updated: Read newspapers (The Hindu, Indian Express) and magazines (EPW, Economist).

  • Practice Essays: Write 1–2 essays daily on trending issues.

  • Work on Structure: Always follow Introduction → Main Body → Conclusion.

  • Time Management: Practice completing essays within 20 minutes.

3. Writing Skills to Focus On:

  • Clarity: Use simple, professional language.

  • Logic: Present arguments with data/examples.

  • Balance: Show multiple perspectives before concluding.

  • Grammar & Flow: Avoid spelling mistakes and casual tone.

4. Common WAT Topics:

  • Social Issues: Women empowerment, climate change, AI & jobs.

  • Economy/Business: Digital economy, startup culture, GST, Indian banking.

  • Abstract: "Success is a journey, not a destination."

5. Mock Practice:

  • Join coaching mock WAT-PI sessions.

  • Get essays evaluated by peers/mentors.


Key Insight: Good WAT prep is about practice + awareness + structured writing. Candidates who link arguments to real-world examples, policies, or business cases stand out.



  1. Is there a WAT in XLRI? 

No, XLRI does not conduct WAT (Written Ability Test); instead, its admission process includes the XAT exam (with essay writing), followed by a Personal Interview (PI) and Group Discussion (GD) or case discussion.


1. XLRI Selection Process (2025):

  • Step 1 – XAT Exam:

    • Conducted in January.

    • Includes sections on Verbal Ability, Quant, Decision Making, and General Knowledge.

    • Also has a compulsory essay writing section (reintroduced in 2022), which serves a similar purpose to WAT.

  • Step 2 – Shortlisting:

    • Based on XAT percentile cutoffs (varies by program: BM, HRM, GMP).

  • Step 3 – GD/Case Discussion + PI:

    • Shortlisted candidates appear for group discussions or case analysis and personal interviews.

2. Key Difference from IIMs: IIMA vs. XLRI Comparison

  • IIMs use WAT + PI (mostly no GD now).

  • XLRI uses Essay Writing (in XAT) + GD/Case Discussion + PI.

3. Importance of Essay Writing in XAT:

  • Tests clarity of thought, structured writing, and ability to argue logically.

  • Evaluated during the interview stage along with the candidate’s profile.


Key Insight:

  • XLRI does not have a separate WAT round like IIMs.

  • Instead, its essay writing section in XAT plays a similar role in assessing written communication.



  1. How to write a WAT test? 

To write a strong WAT test essay, analyze the topic quickly, structure your response into intro-body-conclusion, use examples and data to support points, and keep language clear and concise within 250–400 words.


1. Understand the Format:

  • Time: 15–30 minutes.

  • Word Limit: 250–400 words.

  • Topics: Current affairs, economy, social issues, or abstract ideas.

2. Step-by-Step Writing Approach:

  1. Read & Analyze the Topic (1–2 min): Identify the core idea and scope.

  2. Plan Structure (1–2 min): Outline 2–3 main arguments before writing.

  3. Introduction (3–4 sentences): Define the topic, set context, or pose a thought-provoking question.

  4. Body (2–3 paragraphs): Present balanced arguments with real-world examples, facts, or case studies.

  5. Conclusion (3–4 sentences): Summarize key points, provide a balanced opinion, and end with a forward-looking statement.

3. Writing Tips:

  • Clarity over jargon: Use simple, precise language.

  • Balanced perspective: Avoid one-sided arguments.

  • Data & Examples: Quote government reports, surveys, or business cases.

  • Time management: Leave 2 minutes to proofread grammar and flow.

4. Common WAT Topics:

  • Economy: Digital India, impact of AI on jobs, cryptocurrency regulation.

  • Social: Women in leadership, climate change, education reforms.

  • Abstract: “Success is a journey, not a destination,” “The color blue.”

5. Practice Strategy:

  • Write 1–2 essays daily under timed conditions.

  • Read editorials (The Hindu, Indian Express, Economist) for structured arguments.

  • Get feedback from peers/mentors to improve coherence.


Key Insight: A high-scoring WAT essay is structured, logical, well-supported with examples, and easy to read—showing both knowledge and communication skills.



  1. Which IIM does not consider work experience? 

All IIMs accept freshers with no work experience, but IIM Ahmedabad, IIM Calcutta, and IIM Kozhikode place relatively less weight on work experience compared to IIM Bangalore, IIM Lucknow, and newer IIMs.


1. General Rule:

  • Work experience is not mandatory for admission to the flagship PGP/MBA programs at any IIM.

  • A good CAT percentile, academics, WAT, and PI are the main selection factors.

2. IIMs with Low Weightage for Work Experience:

  • IIM Ahmedabad (PGP): Focuses more on CAT score + academics; work ex has minimal weight.

  • IIM Calcutta: Prioritizes CAT score and academics; fresher-friendly.

  • IIM Kozhikode: Considers work ex but gives it lower weight than CAT and PI.

3. IIMs with Higher Weightage for Work Experience:

  • IIM Bangalore: Known for giving significant weightage (10–15%) to work ex.

  • IIM Lucknow & IIM Indore: Moderate to high weightage to work ex.

  • Newer IIMs: Some also consider work ex to differentiate among candidates.

4. Special Case – Executive MBAs:

  • For programs- IIM EPGP (Bangalore)- 5 years of work experience is required.

  • PGPX (Ahmedabad)- 4 years of work experience is required. 

  • PGPEX (Calcutta)- Minimum 4.5 years to maximum 10 years of work experience is required.


Key Insight: If you are a fresher, IIM Ahmedabad, Calcutta, and Kozhikode are often the most favorable options, as they put little emphasis on prior work experience compared to IIM Bangalore.


Interested in leadership-focused education? Learn about other executive IIM programs:



  • What is the CAT cut off 2025?

The “CAT cut off 2025” varies by IIM, category, and section, but here are some indicative figures and insights:

  • For IIMs & top B-schools, the expected overall CAT percentile cutoff is in the 97–99+ range for the General category.

  • For newer IIMs or baby IIMs, cutoffs may be somewhat lower, in the 85–95 percentile band.

  • For IIM Ahmedabad, the qualifying cutoff for 2025 has reportedly been set at 95 percentile for the General/EWS category.

  • For the IIM CAP (Common Admission Process) participating IIMs, the overall CAT cutoff for General category is 95 percentile per latest announcement. 


  1. Can I enter IIM without a CAT? 

Yes, you can enter IIMs without CAT through certain programs—One-year MBA (accepts GMAT/GRE), PhD (accepts GRE/GATE/UGC-NET), and short-term certificate courses—but for the flagship PGP/MBA program, CAT is mandatory.


1. Flagship MBA/PGP:

  • CAT is compulsory for admission to the 2-year MBA/PGP at all IIMs.

  • No direct entry without CAT for fresh graduates.

2. Exceptions – Programs Accepting Other Exams:

  • MBA (1-year):

    • IIM Ahmedabad (PGPX), IIM Bangalore (EPGP), IIM Calcutta (PGPEX), and others accept GMAT/GRE instead of CAT.

  • PhD/Doctoral Programs:

    • Accept GMAT, GRE, GATE, JRF, UGC-NET, apart from CAT.

  • Certificate/Online Programs:

    • Many IIMs offer executive and online courses with direct admission (no CAT/GMAT needed).

3. For International Applicants:

  • Some IIMs allow GMAT-based applications for foreign candidates in the flagship MBA.


Key Insight:

  • For the flagship 2-year MBA, CAT is non-negotiable.

  • For experienced professionals or international students, GMAT/GRE provides an alternate route.



  1. Are there different types of WATs? 

Yes, in IIM admissions, WAT topics can be of three main types: current affairs-based, opinion/argument-based, and abstract/creative, each testing different aspects of thinking and writing.


1. Current Affairs-Based WAT:

  • Focus: National and global issues, economy, business, policy.

  • Example Topics:

    • “Impact of AI on employment in India.”

    • “Role of startups in India’s economy.”

    • “Climate change and corporate responsibility.”

  • Skills Tested: Awareness, critical analysis, connecting facts to arguments.

2. Opinion/Argument-Based WAT:

  • Focus: Logical reasoning and structured arguments.

  • Example Topics:

    • “Should India adopt a four-day work week?”

    • “Privatization strengthens or weakens the economy?”

  • Skills Tested: Ability to present balanced views with evidence, persuasion skills.

3. Abstract/Creative WAT:

  • Focus: Creativity, interpretation, and originality.

  • Example Topics:

    • “The color blue.”

    • “Walls vs. bridges.”

    • “Success is a journey, not a destination.”

  • Skills Tested: Lateral thinking, originality, linking abstract ideas to real-world scenarios.

4. Case-Based WAT (less common):

  • Some IIMs or B-schools may present a short case study to analyze.

  • Tests decision-making and problem-solving.


Key Insight:

  • While the format (250–400 word essay, 15–30 minutes) remains the same, the type of topic changes—from factual to abstract—requiring a mix of awareness, logic, and creativity.



Feel free to reach out if you have any questions or need further guidance on preparing for the WAT or other aspects of the IIM admissions process or for MBA interview preparation.


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